Energy Policy Act of 1992

1) Link to the Text of the Act
Read the statute (42 U.S.C. § 13201 et seq.)

2) Why It Was Done
The Act was designed to reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil, promote energy efficiency, encourage development of renewable and alternative fuels, and expand investment in nuclear and clean coal technologies.

3) Pre-existing Law or Constitutional Rights
Built on the Energy Reorganization Act (1974) and DOE Organization Act (1977) but expanded federal authority into renewable energy and efficiency standards for the first time.

4) Overreach or Proper Role?
Supporters say it helped modernize U.S. energy policy and diversify supply. Critics argue it created burdensome mandates, subsidized uneconomic industries, and gave federal government too much influence over energy markets.

5) Who or What It Controls

• Utilities and energy producers (efficiency standards, incentives)
• Automakers and fleets (alternative fuel vehicle requirements)
• Consumers (benefited from appliance and building efficiency standards)
• Federal agencies (mandated to lead by example in efficiency)

6) Key Sections / Citations

• 42 U.S.C. § 13211: Definitions for alternative fuels
• 42 U.S.C. § 13251: Federal fleet alternative fuel vehicle requirements
• Energy efficiency standards for appliances and buildings
• Incentives for renewable and nuclear development

7) Recent Changes or Live Controversies

• Influenced later laws like the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
• Still relevant in alternative fuels and federal efficiency standards
• Current debates focus on subsidies for renewables vs. fossil fuels

8) Official Sources

• Congress.gov – Energy Policy Act 1992
• DOE – Energy Policy and Programs
• 42 U.S.C. § 13201 et seq. – U.S. Code

• Energy
• Environment
• Alternative Fuels
• Efficiency
• Nuclear